Section summary
Read the following section summary.
• The urinary system removes liquid waste as urine. The filtering structures in the kidney are called nephrons.
• Most of the water in the blood is returned to the bloodstream. Urine passes through the ureter, into the bladder, and out of the body through the urethra.
• Disorders of the urinary system include infections, kidney stones, andkidney disease.
martes, 28 de octubre de 2008
Eukaryotic cells six grade
section summary
Read the following section summary.
• Eukaryotic cells have organelles that perform functions that help cells remain alive.
• All cells have a cell membrane. Some cells have a cell wall. Some cells have a cytoskeleton.
• The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell contains the cell’s genetic material, DNA.
• Ribosomes are the organelles that make proteins. Ribosomes are not covered by a membrane.
• The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex make and process proteins before the proteins are transported to other parts of the cell or out of the cell.
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles that provide chemical energy for the cell.
• Lysosomes are organelles responsible for digestion within a cell. In plant cells, organelles called vacuoles store cell materials and sometimes act like large lysosomes.
Read the following section summary.
• Eukaryotic cells have organelles that perform functions that help cells remain alive.
• All cells have a cell membrane. Some cells have a cell wall. Some cells have a cytoskeleton.
• The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell contains the cell’s genetic material, DNA.
• Ribosomes are the organelles that make proteins. Ribosomes are not covered by a membrane.
• The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex make and process proteins before the proteins are transported to other parts of the cell or out of the cell.
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles that provide chemical energy for the cell.
• Lysosomes are organelles responsible for digestion within a cell. In plant cells, organelles called vacuoles store cell materials and sometimes act like large lysosomes.
The Urinary System seventh grade
Skill Worksheet
Reinforcement
Annie Apple’s Amazing Adventure
Complete this worksheet after you finish reading the section “The Urinary System.”
Being an apple, Annie is not very good with words. In her story below, she used many terms incorrectly. The incorrect terms have been underlined and numbered. Help Annie by writing the correct term in the corresponding blank provided at the bottom of the page.
Hi, my name is Annie Apple, and I’m, well, an apple! I’ve just been on the strangest adventure, and I thought you’d like to hear about it.
First, this girl took a huge bite out of me and used her teeth to chew me. They call that (1) chemical digestion. While this was happening I got soaked by (2) bile, which breaks down my carbohydrates into simple sugars. Boy, was that -uncomfortable! Then I was swallowed. I went down a long tube called the (3) small intestine, and I ended up in the (4) liver. There, I was bombarded by acid and enzymes, which broke me down further until I was a soupy mixture called (5) amino acids. Next I was released into the (6) large intestine. There I was met by pancreatic juice and (7) saliva. Then I was broken down enough to be partially absorbed into the bloodstream.
After that, I passed into the (8) esophagus, where I had water absorbed from me. At last, what was left of me passed through an opening called the (9) villi. But that’s not the end! The part of me that passed into the bloodstream provided energy to lots of cells before it ended up at the (10) stomach, where it was filtered through tiny (11) bladders and then went out the (12) urethra to be stored in the (13) nephron.
The final leg of my journey was through the (14) ureter to the outside world. Isn’t that an unbelievable adventure?
1.____________________________ 8.__________________________
2.____________________________ 9.__________________________
3.____________________________ 10.__________________________
4.____________________________ 11.__________________________
5. ___________________________ 12.__________________________
6.____________________________ 13.__________________________
7.____________________________ 14.__________________________
Reinforcement
Annie Apple’s Amazing Adventure
Complete this worksheet after you finish reading the section “The Urinary System.”
Being an apple, Annie is not very good with words. In her story below, she used many terms incorrectly. The incorrect terms have been underlined and numbered. Help Annie by writing the correct term in the corresponding blank provided at the bottom of the page.
Hi, my name is Annie Apple, and I’m, well, an apple! I’ve just been on the strangest adventure, and I thought you’d like to hear about it.
First, this girl took a huge bite out of me and used her teeth to chew me. They call that (1) chemical digestion. While this was happening I got soaked by (2) bile, which breaks down my carbohydrates into simple sugars. Boy, was that -uncomfortable! Then I was swallowed. I went down a long tube called the (3) small intestine, and I ended up in the (4) liver. There, I was bombarded by acid and enzymes, which broke me down further until I was a soupy mixture called (5) amino acids. Next I was released into the (6) large intestine. There I was met by pancreatic juice and (7) saliva. Then I was broken down enough to be partially absorbed into the bloodstream.
After that, I passed into the (8) esophagus, where I had water absorbed from me. At last, what was left of me passed through an opening called the (9) villi. But that’s not the end! The part of me that passed into the bloodstream provided energy to lots of cells before it ended up at the (10) stomach, where it was filtered through tiny (11) bladders and then went out the (12) urethra to be stored in the (13) nephron.
The final leg of my journey was through the (14) ureter to the outside world. Isn’t that an unbelievable adventure?
1.____________________________ 8.__________________________
2.____________________________ 9.__________________________
3.____________________________ 10.__________________________
4.____________________________ 11.__________________________
5. ___________________________ 12.__________________________
6.____________________________ 13.__________________________
7.____________________________ 14.__________________________
vocabulary activity for seventh grade
Activity
Vocabulary Activity
Alien Anagrams
After you finish reading the chapter, try this puzzle!
A spaceship full of alien ambassadors has just landed in your backyard. They are very interested in earthling science, especially the study of biological systems. Help them translate their scrambled list of terms. DOOG CLUK!
1. long, straight tube connecting your throat and stomach
2. microscopic filters located in the kidneys
3. large, reddish-brown organ that makes bile, breaks down nutrients, and stores toxins
4. saclike organ that breaks down food into liquid
5. oval organ that sends fluid into the small intestine to chemically digest and neutralize chyme
6. bean-shaped organs that filter blood
7. small, saclike organ that stores bile
8. tube where most chemical digestion occurs
9. tube where liquid waste is changed into solid waste
10. group of organs that work together to digest food
11. group of organs that remove waste from the blood
GAPHOUSES ___________________
HORNPENS ____________________
VIRLE _________________________
SCAMTHO _____________________
SNARPACE ____________________
YIDNEKS ______________________
BALDGLARDLE ________________
LALMS SEENITINT _____________
GELAR NESTIENT ______________
GESTIDIVE SMETYS ____________
YANRIRU TYSMES _____________
Vocabulary Activity
Alien Anagrams
After you finish reading the chapter, try this puzzle!
A spaceship full of alien ambassadors has just landed in your backyard. They are very interested in earthling science, especially the study of biological systems. Help them translate their scrambled list of terms. DOOG CLUK!
1. long, straight tube connecting your throat and stomach
2. microscopic filters located in the kidneys
3. large, reddish-brown organ that makes bile, breaks down nutrients, and stores toxins
4. saclike organ that breaks down food into liquid
5. oval organ that sends fluid into the small intestine to chemically digest and neutralize chyme
6. bean-shaped organs that filter blood
7. small, saclike organ that stores bile
8. tube where most chemical digestion occurs
9. tube where liquid waste is changed into solid waste
10. group of organs that work together to digest food
11. group of organs that remove waste from the blood
GAPHOUSES ___________________
HORNPENS ____________________
VIRLE _________________________
SCAMTHO _____________________
SNARPACE ____________________
YIDNEKS ______________________
BALDGLARDLE ________________
LALMS SEENITINT _____________
GELAR NESTIENT ______________
GESTIDIVE SMETYS ____________
YANRIRU TYSMES _____________
vocabulary activity for six grade
Activity
Vocabulary Activity
Cellular Crosswords
After you finish reading the chapter, use the clues below to complete the crossword puzzle on the next page.
ACROSS
3. the fluid inside a cell
7. the world’s smallest cells
10. the chemical control center of a cell
11. organelle containing digestive enzymes
12. kind of cell that does not have a nucleus
13. organelle that packages and transport materials out of the cell
17. describes an organism that exists as a group of cells
20. A single _____ has everything necessary to carry out life’s activities.
23. scientist who first described cells
24. energy-converting organelle found in plant and algae cells
25. anything that can live independently
26. groups of organs working together to perform particular jobs in the body
27. a structure performing a specific function within a cell
down
1. The cells of plants and algae have a hard _____ _____ made of cellulose.
2. organelles that break down sugar to produce energy.
4. a combination of two or more tissues working together to perform a specific job in the body
5. organelles that make proteins
6. a group of similar cells that perform a common function
8. cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
9. sacs that contain materials in a eukaryotic cell
14. barrier between the inside of a cell and its environment
15. dark area inside the nucleus that stores materials that will be used to make ribosomes
16. scientific description of all living things in terms of cells
18. the cell’s delivery system (abbr.)
19. substance that stores energy released by mitochondria
21. a large vesicle that stores enzymes or liquids
22. the cell’s hereditary material
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